Mphamvu ndi Kusinthasintha Mu Mafakitale
Cylinder ydraulic imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yamatayikiti, amapereka mphamvu yayikulu ndi kusiyanasiyana. Zipangizo zolimba izi zimatha kubweretsa mphamvu zazikulu kwambiri, zimapangitsa iwo kukhala ofunikira m'magawo osiyanasiyana monga zomanga, kupanga, ndi mayendedwe. Munkhaniyi, tiona zinthu, magwiridwe antchito, mapulogalamu, komanso magwiridwe antchito a matani 50, akuwunikiranso gawo lawo moyenera mu mafakitale amakono.
1. Kuyamba
Cylinder cylinders ndi ochita zikwangwani omwe amasintha mphamvu hydraulic kukhala mphamvu ndi mayendedwe. Amakhala ndi mbiya ya cylindrical, piston, piston ndodo, ndi madzi a hydraulic. Zipangizozi zimazikidwa malinga ndi mfundo za lamulo la Pascal, zomwe zimati kukakamizidwa komwe kumachitika pamadzi kumafala chimodzimodzi mbali zonse.
2. Kodi siliriri la hydraulic ndi chiani?
Cylinder hydraulic ndi chipangizo chamakina chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga chowongolera ndi kusuntha kudzera pakugwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika kwa Hydraulic. Imasinthira mphamvu kuchokera kudera lamadzimadzi mu ntchito yamakina, kupangitsa kuti kayendedwe ka katundu wolemera mosavuta. Ma cylinders hydraulic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina, zida, ndi magalimoto pomwe mphamvu ndi mayendedwe zimafunikira.
3. Kodi simbirani yanji ya silinda ya hydraulic?
Cylinder ya Hydraulic imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yolumikizidwa ndi madzi owonera, mafuta ambiri kapena hydraulic madzimadzi. Madzi a hydraulic akaponyedwa mu silinda, imasunthira pisitoni, yomwe imapangitsa ndodo ya piston. Kuyenda kwa mzerewu kumabweretsa mphamvu yofunikira pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana. Mwa kuwongolera kayendedwe ka Hydraulic madzimadzi, liwiro ndi kukakamiza kwa kayendedwe ka ma cylinder imatha kukhazikitsidwa moyenera.
4. Zigawo zikuluzikulu za hydraulic
Cylinder hydraulic imakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika:
A) mbiya ya cylinder: mbiya ya cylinder imagwira ntchito ngati mbiya yakunja ya silindayo, ndikuthandizira ndikuthandizira ndi nyumba zina.
b) piston: pisitoni imagawa silinda m'zipinda ziwiri, kulola madzi a hydraulic kuti muchite mbali imodzi pomwe ndikusindikiza mbali inayo.
c) piston rod: rodi ya piston imalumikiza pisitoni kupita ku katunduyo kugwedezeka ndikumatulutsa mphamvu yomwe imapangidwa ndi madzi a hydrailic.
d) Zisindikizo: Zisindikizo zimatsimikizira kuti siyipilo yolimba komanso yopanda tanthauzo popewa kutaya kwamadzi pakati pa pistoni ndi khoma la silinda.
e) Madzi a hydraulic madzi: madzi a hydraulic, nthawi zambiri mafuta, amafalitsa mphamvu ndikuyenda mkati mwa silinda. Imathandizanso ngati mafuta kuti muchepetse mikangano ndi kutentha zomwe zimapangidwa mukamagwira ntchito.
5. Mitundu ya ma cylinder hydraulic
Cylinders Hydraic imabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iliyonse imapangidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito mwatsatanetsatane:
a) Cylinders osagwira: Cylinders osakwatiwa amagwira ntchito imodzi mwamphamvu, mwina pokankhira kapena kukoka katundu.
b) Mawalidi ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kawiri: Chovala chochita kawiri amatha kupanga mphamvu mbali zonse ziwiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika kwa hydraulic kuti afikire ndikuchotsa ndodo ya piston.
c) Clindender Cylinder: Cylinder Clinders amakhala ndi magawo angapo oyesedwa, kulola kuti ziwopsezo nthawi yayitali pokhalabe ndi kapangidwe kake. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malo ochepa.
d) Ma CYLINDER SPelinders: Ma cylinders ochepera amakhala ndi pisitoni yokhala ndi mainchesi akuluakulu, ndikutulutsa mphamvu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pantchito zolemetsa.
E) Maliriji owala: ma cylinders oyimbidwa ndi ozungulira powuzira zipewa zomaliza ndi ma crelinder ma crelrel palimodzi, ndikupanga zolimba komanso zolimba.
6. Mapulogalamu a ma cylinders hydraulic
Kusintha kwa cylinder ya hydraulic kumawapangitsa kukhala oyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito mitundu:
a) Zida zomangira: Cylinders hydrainders zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina opanga, mabatani, ndi nkhanu. Amapereka mphamvu zofunika pakukututa, kukumba, ndi kusuntha zida zolemetsa.
b) Makina Opanga: Cylinder cylinders amatenga gawo labwino pakupanga njira, kuphatikiza makina a jakisoni, zida zopanga zitsulo, ndi makina a msonkhano. Amathandizira kusuntha kolondola komanso koyenera kofunikira kuti pakhale kupanga bwino.
c) makina azaulimi: ma cydiyoric a hydrailic ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazida zaulimi monga ma thirakitala, okolola, ndi machitidwe othirira. Amathandizira ntchito monga kunyamula, kutsika, ndi kukakamiza, ndikuyika madera abwino a ulimi.
d) Kuyendera kwa Magalimoto ndi Zida Zam'manja: Cylinder ozungulira ndizofanana ndi zida zamagalimoto ndi zida zam'manja, kuphatikizapo makina a hydraulic, ma foloko, matope otaya, ndi nkhata. Amathandizira kuyendetsa bwino zinthu, kuwongolera, ndi kukweza maluso.
e) Kupanga kwaukadaulo kapena zomangamanga: Cylinder ya hydrailic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ukadaulo wapadera monga milatho, madamu, ndi maloko. Amapereka mphamvu yofunikira kukweza kwambiri, kuyimitsa, ndi kukhazikika pomanga.
7. Ubwino wa ma cylinder a hydraulic
Cylinders Hydrailic imapereka zabwino zingapo pazinthu zina zosintha:
a) Kukakamiza kwakukulu: Cydrainic cylinders imatha kupanga mphamvu yayikulu, ndikuwapangitsa kukhala abwino pantchito zomwe zimafuna kukweza, kukankha, kapena kukoka katundu wolemera.
b) Kuwongolera molondola: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya hydraulic madzi, mayendedwe ndi kuthamanga kwa ma cylinders hydraindic amatha kulamulidwa moyenera, kulola kuti pakhale kuwongolera kolondola komanso kusungitsa malire.
c) Kusiyanitsana: mawindo a hydraulic amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti agwirizane ndi mapulogalamu, ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana, kutalika kwa stroke, masitaelo okwera, komanso kukakamiza.
d) Kapangidwe kakang'ono: Cydindic cylinders amatha kupereka mphamvu yofunika mukamakhala ndi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, kuwalola kuti azikhala m'malo olimba.
E) Kukhazikika ndi Kudalirika: Mavindeji a hydrailic amapangidwa kuti athe kupirira malo ovutikira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayitali, ndikuwonetsetsa kukhala koyenera.
8.
Mukamasankha silinda ya hydraulic kuti mupeze pulogalamu inayake, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
a) Chotsani mphamvu: Dziwani zambiri zomwe ma cylinder a hydraulic amafunika kuthana kuti zitsimikizire kuti ingakhale ndi mphamvu yokwanira.
b) Kutalika kwa Stroke: Ganizirani kutalika kwa stroke komwe kumafunikira, komwe kuli sinda komwe kumafunikira kukulitsa kapena kubwereza.
c) Kukakamiza: Unikani kuponderezedwa komwe kumafunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndikusankha silinda yomwe imatha kuthana ndi mavutowo.
D) Kalembedwe kake: Sankhani mtundu wokwera womwe umagwirizanitsa pulogalamuyo, monga pivot yakumaso, pivot, kapena mbali hug pamwamba.
e) Zinthu zachilengedwe: Ganizirani za nyengo yomwe silini imagwira ntchito, kuphatikiza kutentha, chinyezi, komanso kuwonekera kwa mankhwala kapena zodetsa nkhawa.
9. Kusamalira ndi kusamalira ma cylinders hydraulic
Kuonetsetsa kuti mukuyenda bwino komanso kutayika kwamiyala ya hydraulic, kukonza nthawi zonse ndikofunikira:
a) Kuyendera: Yesetsani kuwunika kwa hydraulic kwa zizindikiro za kuvala, kutulutsa, kapena kuwonongeka. Sinthani zisindikizo zilizonse kapena zigawo zake mwachangu.
b) Kupaka mafuta: Kutalika bwino matope a hydraulic pogwiritsa ntchito madzi olimbikitsidwa a hydraulic kapena mafuta. Izi zimachepetsa mikangano ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chothana.
c) kuyeretsa: Sungani silinder cylinder oyera oyera komanso opanda dothi, zinyalala, kapena zodetsa zomwe zingakhudze opaleshoni yake. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zoyenera kuyeretsa ndikupewa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zambiri.
d) Kukonzanso kukonza: kukhazikitsa ndandanda yodzipatula yothana ndi mavuto omwe angakhale ndi mavuto akulu asanakhale mavuto akulu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuyang'ana komanso kuwunika, kuyezetsa miyala ndi zoyenerera, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi.
e) Kuphunzitsa ndi kuzindikira kwa opaleshoni: Patsani maphunziro kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito yoyenera ndi kusamalira ma hydraulic. Tsindikani kufunika kotsatira malangizo otetezedwa ndi kutanthauza kuti ali ndi vuto lililonse kapena zakudya zina zosangalatsa.
10. Nkhani zofananira ndi zovuta
Ngakhale mawindiwo hydrailic ndi olimba komanso odalirika, zovuta zina zitha kuchitika. Nazi mavuto wamba komanso njira zovutitsira:
A) Kutulutsa: Ngati pali kutaya kwamadzi kuchokera pambale, yang'anani Zisindikizo ndikusintha Zisindikizo zilizonse zowonongeka kapena zoletsedwa. Yang'anani malumikizidwe omasuka ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mukuyenda bwino.
b) Kuyenda pang'onopang'ono kapena erratic: Ngati cylinder imawonetsa pang'onopang'ono kapena yoyenda, onani kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi kapena zosefera. Otsuka kapena m'malo osenda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi a hydraulic ali pamlingo woyenera.
c) Kutentha Kwambiri: Kutentha Kwambiri mu cylinder ya hydraulic kumatha kuwonetsa vuto lomwe limakhala ndi madzimadzi, kuipitsidwa, kapena kuwonda dongosolo. Chongani milingo yamadzi, yang'anani kuipitsidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti silinda sikumadzaza.
d) Phokoso la kusakhazikika kapena kugwedezeka: phokoso lachilendo kapena kugwedezeka kumatha kuwonetsa zigawo zomasuka kapena zotsekemera. Yenderani ndikulimbana ndi kulumikizana, ndikusintha zina zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka.
e) Kuvala kosagwirizana: ngati pali kuvala ndodo ya cylinder ndodo kapena zina, zitha kuwonetsa zolakwika kapena vuto ndi kukwera. Onani kugwirizanitsidwa koyenera ndikusintha zina.
11.
Kugwira ntchito ndi cylinder hydraulic kumaphatikizapo ngozi. Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha otetezedwa ndi zida, tsatirani njira zodzitchinjiriza izi:
a) Kuphunzitsa koyenera: Kupereka maphunziro okwanira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito yotetezeka, kukonza, komanso kusakanikirana ndi matope a Hydraulic.
b) Zida zake (PPE): Kuonetsetsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito oyenera, kuphatikiza magolovesi, magalasi achitetezo, ndi zovala zoteteza, kuteteza ku zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
c) Chotsani mphamvu ndi malire: Kutsatira kuchuluka koyenera ndi malire ofotokozedwa ndi wopanga. Kuchulukitsa silinda kumatha kuyambitsa zida zolephera ndi ngozi.
d) Kukwera Kotetezedwa: Kukweza bwino silinda hydraulic kuti muchepetse kuyenda kapena kusiya.
e) Kufufuza pafupipafupi: Khazikitsani kuyeserera pafupipafupi kuzindikira zovuta kapena zizindikiro za kuvala. Mavuto azovuta kuti apewe ngozi kapena kulephera kwa dongosolo.
12. Hydraulic Cylinder opanga ndi mitundu
Pali opanga otchuka ndi mitundu ingapo yopanga masilini apamwamba kwambiri. Mayina ena odziwika bwino m'makampaniwo akuphatikizapo:
a) Bosch Rexroth: Bosch Rexroth ndiopanga masilikitala odziwika bwino a hydraulic cylinders, kupereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana pazogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
b) Parker hannifin: Parker hannifin ndi wopanga matekinoloji oyenda ndi matekinoloje, kuphatikizapo mavidiyo a hydraulic omwe amadziwika kuti amagwira ntchito komanso kudalirika.
c) Idonn: Infon ndi mtundu wodalirika mu malonda a Hydraulic, omwe amapereka ma cylinder osiyanasiyana omwe amapangidwira magawo osiyanasiyana ndi mapulogalamu.
d) hydac: hydac imakhala mu ma hydraulic zigawo ndi machitidwe, kuphatikizapo ma cylinder ozungulira omwe amadziwika ndi kukhulupirika kwawo.
E) IPRO YOPHUNZITSIRA MALO OGWIRITSA NTCHITO: AIPRRO ARTRERERERICE APA CYLLIMIC yokhala ndi mafakitale a mafakitale a mafakitale ndi mafoni, kupereka ndalama zothandizira makasitomala osiyanasiyana.
13. Mitengo ndi kugula kwamaganizidwe
Mtengo wa mavidiyo wa hydraulic amatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu monga kukula, mphamvu, ndi mtundu. Ndikofunika kulingalira zotsatirazi pogula:
a) Mtundu ndi kudalirika: Sankhani mtundu wotchuka wotchulidwa pakupanga cylinder yodalirika komanso yolimba, ngakhale itatanthawuza kuti ikhale yotalikirapo pang'ono.
b) Zofunikira pa ntchito: Onetsetsani kuti mumalemba masilikidwe omwe mumasankha amakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu, kunjenjemera, komanso zofunikira.
C) Chivomerezo ndi chithandizo: Chongani chitsimikizo choperekedwa ndi wopanga ndi wopanga kuti atsimikizire kuti akuthandizira pa nkhani iliyonse kapena nkhawa.
d) Kufanizira kwa mitengo: yerekezerani mitengo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ndi opanga kuti atenge mpikisano popanda kunyalanyaza.
e) Mtengo wa nthawi yayitali: Ganizirani ndalama zazitali zogwirizanitsidwa ndi simbale ya hydraulic, kuphatikizapo kukonza, kulowetsa magawo, ndi kusintha kwamadzi.
14. Kafukufuku wa milandu ndi mbiri yabwino
Kuti mumvetsetse mapulogalamu ndi mapindu a matani 50, tiyeni tifufuze maphunziro angapo:
a) Ntchito yomanga: Ntchito yomanga ikuluikulu, matani 50-toninders amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu crane kuti akweze katundu wolemera mosadukiza. Kuwongolera kwenikweni ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya matope kumachulukitsa zokolola ndikuchepetsa nthawi yofunikira kukweza ntchito.
B) Malo opanga: Mu malo opangira matani a 50-tonraralic adaphatikizidwa mu zida za misonkhano kuti apitilize ndi kupanga zitsulo. Mphamvu za ma cylinders ndi kulondola kwa Cylinders zimawoneka bwino moyenera komanso zodalirika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zitheke bwino.
Matani 50 a hydraulic clinderndi zigawo zosafunikira m'magulu osiyanasiyana okonda mafakitale, amapereka mphamvu yayikulu, kuwongolera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ku Kupanga ndi kupanga kwaulimi ndi mayendedwe, masiliniwo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwambiri, kusuntha koyenda, ndi ntchito zoyenera. Mwa kumvetsetsa magwiridwe awo akugwirira ntchito, kukonza, ndi chitetezo, mafakitale amatha kugwirira ntchito matope a hydrailic kuti athandize zokolola ndikupeza zotsatira zapamwamba pakuchita kwawo.
Post Nthawi: Jul-10-2023