Chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwakukulu, kapangidwe kake, kogwira ntchito kwambiri ndi kusintha kwapakatikati kovuta, monga ma makina omangira, magemu, ndi zombo.
1. Kupangidwa mwamphamvu kwa pampu
Pampu yokongoletsera makamaka imapangidwa ndi magawo awiri, mphamvu yotha ndi yotupa, ndipo imaphatikizidwa ndi pulley, valavu yocheza, yotentha yamagetsi, komanso dongosolo lamafuta.
(1) Mapeto
(1) Crankshaft
Crankshaft ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu pampu iyi. Kukhala ndi mtundu wophatikizira wa crankshaft, kudzamaliza gawo lofunikira la kusintha kuchokera ku mayendedwe ozungulira kuti abweze mayendedwe a Linear. Kuti muchepetse, pini iliyonse ya cronk ndi 120 ° kuchokera pakati.
(2) cholumikizira ndodo
Ndodo yolumikizira imaperekapo chipongwe kwa nthawi yopumira kwa crankshaft, ndikusintha mayendedwe ozungulira a crankshaft kuyenda kobwerera kwa wobwezeretsa. Ma tile amatengera mtundu wa malaya ndipo amaikidwa ndi izi.
(3) Mlandu
Mphepo imalumikiza ndodo yolumikizira ndi kubwezeretsanso. Ili ndi ntchito yotsogolera, ndipo imatsekedwa kulumikizidwa ndi ndodo yolumikizira ndikulumikizidwa ndi yolimba.
(4) Kuyandama
Nyama yoyandama imakhazikika pamakina. Mbali inayo, imagwira ntchito yokweza thanki yamafuta ndi dziwe lonyansa lamafuta. Komabe, imathandiza ngati yoyandama ya ndodo yotsogolera yotsogolera, yomwe imatha kusintha moyo wa zigawo zokonzekera zokopa.
(5) Basi
Makina oyambira ndi chinthu chonyamula mphamvu pokhazikitsa magetsi kumapeto ndikulumikiza madzi kumapeto. Pali mabowo onse kumbuyo kwa maziko a makinawo, ndipo dzenje lokhala ndi pinki lolumikizidwa ndi madziwo limaperekedwa kutsogolo kuti muwonetsetse kuti mutsimikizire pakati pa mutu wa pamtambo. Osalowerera ndale, pali bowo la kukhetsa kumapeto kwa maziko kuti mukwere madzi.
(2) Mapeto a madzi
(1) Mutu wampukuta
Mutu wampiyo umapangidwa mosiyanasiyana kubaya utoto wosakhazikika, mavunsi ndi mavalidwe ogulitsidwa amakonzedwa, ndipo dzenje lotuluka lili pansi pa mutu wa pampu, zomwe zimalumikizana ndi Valve Patsekiti.
(2) Kalata yosindikizidwa
Bokosi logundapo ndipo mutu wampompo umalumikizidwa ndi chingwe cholumikizira, ndipo mawonekedwe osindikizira a kuchuluka kwa makona amakona a carbon, omwe ali ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri.
(3) Kanyinji
(4) valve valve ndi kukhetsa valavu
Tsamba lolowera ndi mipando yazitsulo, ma valve otsika, valavu yokhazikika, yokhazikika yopanga zakumwa zowoneka bwino, ndi mawonekedwe a kuchepetsa ufa. Choyimira cholumikizidwa chimakhala cholimba kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kuti mutsimikizire kuti ndi moyo wokwanira wa inlelet ndi ma valves.
(3)Magawo othandizira othandizira
Pali mavavu ambiri, oyang'anira magetsi, machitidwe opangira mafuta, mavesi otetezeka, magulu opanikizika, etc.
(1) Chongani valavu
Madziwo omwe amachotsedwa mu mutu wa pampu amatuluka pa mapaipi apamwamba kwambiri kudzera mu valavu yotsika. Madzimadzi akamayenda mbali inayo, valavu imatsekedwa kuti igwetse madzi ambiri kuchokera kumadzi akumaso.
(2) Wowongolera
Kupanikizika kwambiri kumadukizira madzi otulutsidwa mutu wa pampu kumayamba kuchepa kwamadzi okwera kwambiri atadutsa mu Regilator.
(3) Dongosolo la mafuta
Makamaka, mafuta opondera mafuta kuchokera pa tanki yamafuta kuti mafuta a crankshaft, kudutsa mbali zina zosewerera.
(4) Kupanikizika
Pali mitundu iwiri yopanikizika: Maenje wamba amapanikizika ndi magulu opanikizika yamagetsi. Gauge yamagetsi yolumikizirana ndi chida, yomwe ingakwaniritse cholinga chodziletsa.
(5) valavu ya chitetezo
Valavu yotseguka ya kasupe yotseguka imayikidwa pamapaipi okhetsa. Nkhaniyi idakonzedwa ndi Shanghai Zed pampu yamadzi. Itha kuonetsetsa kusindikizidwa kwa kapamwamba komwe kumachitika ntchito yogwira ntchito, ndipo kumatseguka zokhazokha zikatha, ndipo imakonda kutetezedwa ndi kuteteza.
2. Gulu la mapampi ocheperako
Mapampu a piston nthawi zambiri amagawika mapampu osakhalitsa, mapampu opingasa, maulendo am'mipa ndi mapampu ochulukirapo.
(1) Pulogalamu imodzi yokha
Zigawo zikuluzikulu zimaphatikizapo gudumu la eccentric, kasupe, kasupe, thupi la masilinda, ndipo maamwani awiri. Buku lotsekeka limapangidwa pakati pa kuphatikiza ndi silinda. Maluwa ozungulira akamazungulira kamodzi, kalumba amayambiranso ndikutsika kamodzi, amayenda pansi kuti alowe mafuta, ndikuyenda mokwera kwambiri kuti atuluke mafuta. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta kuchotsedwa pa kusintha kwa pampuku amatchedwa kuti akusamutsidwa, ndipo kuzunzidwa kumangogwirizana ndi magawo a pampu.
(2) Pampu yopingasa
Pulogalamu yopingasa imayikidwa mbali ndi ozizira angapo (nthawi zambiri 3 kapena 6), ndipo ma crankshaft amagwiritsidwa ntchito popumira molunjika pa slider kapena shaft ya eccentric kuti muchepetse madzi. Pampu ya Hydraulic. Onsewa amagwiritsa ntchito zida zowonjezera zogawika, ndipo ambiri aiwo ndi mapampi okwanira. Mapampu a emulsion mu malasha mgodi othandizira othandizira nthawi zambiri amakhala opingasa.
Pampu ya emulsion imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu migodi ya malasha kuti ipatse emulsion thandizo la hydraulic. Malangizo ogwirira ntchito amadalira kuzungulira kwa crankshaft kuti ayendetsere piston kuti athetse kuti azindikire madzi kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa.
(3) Mtundu wa Axial
Pump ya pistore ndi pampu ya pisitoni pomwe kubwereza njira ya piston kapena kocheperako ndikofanana ndi chapakati pa silinda. Pulogalamu ya Pistol Piston imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa voliyumu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusuntha kofanana ndi shaf yotsatsira mu bowo. Popeza onse awiri ocheperako ndi malo ophulikawo ndi magawo ozungulira, moyenera kwambiri amatha kukwaniritsidwa pokonza, motero kuchuluka kwa mawu ndi okwera.
(4) Axis owongoka Swah Swash Mtundu
Shaft Shaft Plates Play Props amagawika mumitundu yamafuta ndi mtundu wamafuta odzikonda. Mafuta ambiri amapatuka ma popts a hydraulic amagwiritsa ntchito thanki yamafuta, ndipo tanki yamafuta yamafuta yomwe imadalira kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Pambuyo poyambitsa makina nthawi iliyonse, muyenera kudikirira thanki ya Hydraulic Stain kuti mufikire kupanikizika kwa mpweya musanagwiritse ntchito makinawo. Ngati makinawo ayambitsidwa pamene kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu thanki yamafuta sikukwanira, kumapangitsa kuti nsapato yotsika mu mpopupulu hydraulic kuti muchoke ndi mbale yobwereketsa ndi mbale yamphamvu mu thupi la pop.
(5) Mtundu wa radial
Mapapu a radio ston amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mavalidwe a valavu komanso magawano. Mapulogalamu a valve stavary Piston mapampu ali ndi zovuta monga kulephera kwakukulu komanso mwamphamvu. Pulogalamu ya shaftivation-shaftivation yogawana mu 1970s ndipo 1980s padziko lapansi imagonjetsa zolakwa za valavu ya valavu yogawana ValV.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a pampu raial, pampu wa radial wokhala ndi maxi okhazikika amakhudzidwa, moyo wautali komanso molondola kwambiri pompopompon. Chingwe chosinthika cha pampu yosiyanasiyana ya stroke chimakwaniritsidwa posintha mawonekedwe a stavor mogwirizana ndi malire, ndipo njira yokhazikika ndi 5- . Ndipo makina osiyanasiyana amapangidwira kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, olamulidwa ndi valavu yolamulira. Chifukwa chake, liwiro la pampu limathamanga. Kapangidwe ka radial kumagonjetsa vuto la kuvala kwa eccentric kwa nsapato nsapato za pistore. Imathandiza kwambiri kukana kwawo.
(6) mtundu wa hydraulic
The Hydraulic Dremnger Purm imadalira kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuti ipatse mafuta ku tanki yamafuta. Pambuyo poyambitsa makina nthawi iliyonse, thanki yamafuta yamafuta iyenera kufika pakugwiritsa ntchito makina ogwiritsira ntchito asanagwiritse ntchito makinawo. Owongoka-axis swash Plate Props amagawika mitundu iwiri: kupanikizika kwa mafuta ndi mtundu wamafuta odzikongoletsa. Zambiri mwa mapangidwe ampulogalamu a hydraulic zopangira mafuta ndi thanki yamafuta yokhala ndi kupanikizika kwa mpweya, ndipo mapampu ena a hydraulic enieni amatenga mafuta kuti apatse mafuta otupa pampu ya hydraulic. Pampu ya hydraulic yodzikonda imakhala ndi luso lodzipereka ndipo silifuna mphamvu yakunja kuti ipatse mafuta.
3. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya pampu yophika
Stroke yonse l ya kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa pampu yopukutira kwapukutira ndipo imatsimikiziridwa ndi kukweza kwa cam. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta komwe kaphatikizidwe kwa kagawo kamene kamatengera mafuta, komwe sikuwongoleredwa ndi Camshaft ndi kusinthika. Nthawi yoyambira kupezeka kwa mafuta sikusintha ndi kusintha kwa mafuta osokoneza bongo. Kutembenuza koterera kumatha kusintha nthawi yotsiriza yamafuta, potero akusintha mafuta. Pamene pampu yophika ikugwira ntchito, mothandizidwa ndi kampu pa kamche wa jamsuft ya popu ya jekeseni yamafuta komanso kasupe imakakamizidwa kubwezeretsa ntchito yopondera mafuta. Kupopa mafuta mafuta kumalepheretsedwe m'njira ziwiri zotsatirazi.
(1) Kupanga mafuta
Pamene gawo la contrax likasintha, mothandizidwa ndi gulu la kasupe, kuphatikizapo kumasunthika pansi, ndipo malo pamwamba pa wolusa (wotchedwa puumu ya Pupig) imatulutsa vacuum. Pamene kumapeto kwa wocheperako kumayikanso kuphatikizapo madzenje a mafuta atadzaza ndi gawo la mafuta am'mimba, ndipo ofera mafuta amathera.
(2) Mafuta obwerera
Wokongoletsa mafuta m'mwamba. Pamene khutu litakhala (malo oyimilira) amalankhula ndi dzenje lobwezeretsa mafuta padenga, magetsi otsika kwambiri mu kampuni mu chipinda cham'mping ndi bowo lamutu wocheperako. Ndipo khutu lalankhulirani, kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumadontho kumagwa mwadzidzidzi, ndipo valavu yamafuta amatsekera mwachangu pansi pa zochita za kasupe, ndikuima mafuta. Pambuyo pake akweranso, ndipo pambuyo pake gawo la cam limatembenuka, mothandizidwa ndi kasupe, woseketsa adzatsikiranso. Pakadali pano kuzungulira kwotsatira kumayamba.
Pampu wopukutira umayambitsidwa chifukwa cha mfundo ya wophatikiza. Pali mavavu awiri omwe ali pampu yotsika, ndipo mayendedwe ali osiyana. Pamene awiriwo amasunthira mbali imodzi, pali kukakamizidwa kosalimbikitsa mu silinda. Pakadali pano, valavu imodzi imatsegulidwa ndipo madzi amadziyamwa. Mu silinda, pomwe nthawiyo imasunthira mbali inayo, madzi amaphatikizidwa ndipo valavu ina iliyonse imatsegulidwa, ndipo madziwo amayatsidwa mu silinda. Kupitilira mafuta kumapangidwa mutatha kuyenda mopitilira muyeso.
Post Nthawi: Nov-21-2022