Pampu ya plunger ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri mu hydraulic system.

Imatengera kubwereza kwa plunger mu silinda kuti isinthe kuchuluka kwa chipinda chogwirira ntchito chosindikizidwa kuti izindikire kuyamwa kwamafuta ndi kuthamanga kwamafuta. Pampu ya plunger ili ndi ubwino wa kupanikizika kwakukulu, kapangidwe kameneka, kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri komanso kusintha kosavuta kwa kayendedwe kake. Mapampu a pistoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuthamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga kwakukulu komanso nthawi zomwe kuyenda kumayenera kusinthidwa, monga makina osindikizira a hydraulic, makina opanga uinjiniya ndi zombo.
Mapampu a piston nthawi zambiri amagawidwa kukhala mapampu amodzi, mapampu opingasa, mapampu a axial plunger ndi mapampu a radial plunger.

pompa imodzi yokha
Zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizapo gudumu la eccentric, plunger, kasupe, thupi la silinda, ndi ma valve awiri a njira imodzi. Voliyumu yotsekedwa imapangidwa pakati pa plunger ndi bore la silinda. Pamene gudumu la eccentric limazungulira kamodzi, plunger imabwerera mmwamba ndi pansi kamodzi, imasunthira pansi kuti itenge mafuta, ndikukwera mmwamba kuti ikakhetse mafuta. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amatulutsidwa pakusintha kwa pampu kumatchedwa kusamutsidwa, ndipo kusamuka kumangogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a mpope.
Pampu yopingasa yopingasa
Pampu yopingasa yopingasa imayikidwa mbali ndi mbali ndi ma plunger angapo (nthawi zambiri 3 kapena 6), ndipo crankshaft imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukankhira plunger kudzera pa ndodo yolumikizira kapena shaft ya eccentric kupanga kusuntha kobwerezabwereza, kuti muzindikire kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa madzi. pampu ya hydraulic. Onse amagwiritsanso ntchito zida zogawa zamtundu wa ma valve, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ndi mapampu ochulukirachulukira. Mapampu a emulsion m'makina othandizira ma hydraulic mgodi nthawi zambiri amakhala opingasa plunger mapampu. The emulsion mpope ntchito mu malasha migodi nkhope kupereka emulsion thandizo hayidiroliki. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito imadalira kuzungulira kwa crankshaft kuyendetsa pisitoni kuti ibwezerenso kuti izindikire kuyamwa kwamadzi ndi kutulutsa.
Pampu ya piston ya axial
Pampu ya axial piston ndi pampu ya pisitoni momwe mbali yobwereza ya pisitoni kapena plunger imayenderana ndi axis yapakati ya silinda. Pampu ya axial piston imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa voliyumu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kubwereza kwa plunger kufananiza ndi shaft yotumizira mu dzenje la plunger. Popeza plunger ndi bowo la plunger ndi magawo ozungulira, kukwanira bwino kwambiri kumatha kuchitika, kotero kuti mphamvu ya volumetric ndiyokwera.
Pampu yowongoka ya shaft plate plunger
Mapampu owongolera a shaft swash plate plunger amagawidwa kukhala mtundu wamafuta opanikizika komanso mtundu wamafuta odzipangira okha. Mapampu amafuta oponderezana amagwiritsa ntchito tanki yamafuta yokhala ndi mphamvu ya mpweya, komanso thanki yamafuta a hydraulic yomwe imadalira kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuti ipereke mafuta. Mukayamba makina nthawi zonse, muyenera kudikirira tanki yamafuta a hydraulic kuti ifike pamagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito musanagwiritse ntchito makinawo. Ngati makinawo ayambika pamene kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu thanki yamafuta a hydraulic sikukwanira, nsapato yotsetsereka mu pampu ya hydraulic imachotsedwa, zomwe zingayambitse kuvala kwachilendo kwa mbale yobwerera ndi mbale yokakamiza mu thupi la mpope.
pompa ya pistoni yozungulira
Mapampu a piston amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: kugawa ma valve ndi kugawa kwa axial. Mapampu a pistoni ogawa ma valavu ali ndi kulephera kwakukulu komanso mapampu a piston apamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a mapampu a radial, mapampu a axial distribution radial piston ali ndi mphamvu yotsutsa, moyo wautali komanso kuwongolera bwino kwambiri kuposa mapampu a axial piston. . Kuthamanga kosinthika kwa pampu yafupikitsa yapampu kumatheka mwa kusintha kusintha kwa stator pansi pa kusintha kwa plunger ndi malire, ndipo eccentricity pazipita ndi 5-9mm (malinga ndi kusamutsidwa), ndipo kusintha sitiroko ndi kwambiri. mwachidule. . Ndipo makina osinthika amapangidwira ntchito yothamanga kwambiri, yoyendetsedwa ndi valve yolamulira. Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwa pompu kumathamanga. Kapangidwe kake ka radial kumathana ndi vuto la kuvala kwa eccentric kwa nsapato zotsetsereka za pampu ya axial piston. Imawongolera kwambiri kukana kwake.
Pampu ya Hydraulic Plunger
Pampu ya hydraulic plunger imadalira kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuti ipereke mafuta ku tanki yamafuta a hydraulic. Pambuyo poyambitsa makina nthawi zonse, thanki yamafuta a hydraulic iyenera kufikira kupanikizika kwa mpweya musanagwiritse ntchito makinawo. Mapampu a plunger olunjika a axis amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu wamafuta opanikizika komanso mtundu wamafuta odzipangira okha. Mapampu ambiri opatsira mafuta opangira ma hydraulic amagwiritsa ntchito tanki yamafuta yokhala ndi mphamvu ya mpweya, ndipo mapampu ena a hydraulic amakhala ndi pampu yopangira mafuta kuti azitha kulowetsa mafuta pampopi ya hydraulic. The self-priming hydraulic pump ili ndi mphamvu yodzipangira yokha ndipo safuna mphamvu yakunja kuti ipereke mafuta.
Mafuta oponderezedwa a pampu yapampu yosinthira amalowa m'munsi mwa chotchinga chosinthira chosinthira kudzera mu thupi la mpope ndi dzenje lamafuta mu casing yosinthika ya pampu yodutsa kudzera pa cheke valavu. Pamene ndodo yokokera imasunthira pansi, pisitoni ya servo imakankhidwira pansi, ndi valavu ya servo Doko lapamwamba la valve limatsegulidwa, ndipo mafuta opanikizika m'chipinda chotsika cha nyumba zosinthika amalowa m'chipinda chapamwamba cha nyumba yosinthika kupyolera mu bowo la mafuta. piston yosinthika. Popeza dera la chipinda cham'mwamba ndi lalikulu kuposa la chipinda chapansi, mphamvu ya hydraulic imakankhira pistoni kuti isunthire pansi, kuyendetsa shaft ya pini kuti mutu wosinthika usinthe kuzungulira pakati pa mpira wachitsulo, kusintha ngodya yachitsulo. wa mutu wosinthika (kuwonjezeka), ndipo kuthamanga kwa pampu ya plunger kudzawonjezeka moyenerera. M'malo mwake, pamene ndodo yokoka ikukwera m'mwamba, mbali ya mutu wosinthika imasintha mosiyana, ndipo kuthamanga kwa mpope kumasinthanso moyenera. Pamene ngodya yotengera ikusintha kukhala ziro, mutu wosinthika umasintha kupita kolowera kolakwika, mayendedwe amadzimadzi amasintha komwe akupita, ndipo madoko olowera ndi potulukira akusintha.